twisted pearl necklace

The popular belief that Mother of Pearl and Pearl is formed as a result of a grain of sand entering a mollusks shell is false. Mother of Pearl or Nacre forms when an organic irritant such as a parasite, food-particle become trapped within the mollusk, or if the mollusk is injured in some way.

Sensing the object the living organism within the mollusk secretes calcium carbonate, a derivative mineral of aragonite, and the binding protein conchiolin, these are the same substances that the animal uses to build its shell. The layers of calcium carbonate settle on the intruder and are interspersed by the conchiolin, which acts as a kind of organic glue binding the crystals together. The regularity of the crystals, and the number of layers results in giving the pearl what is called luster.

Luster is a phenomenon used to describe the diffraction of light from the Nacre’s surface brilliance together with its inner, deeper radiance. The radiance is the light that is reflected, not just off the surface, but also off the internal layers. A better luster is achieved if the Nacre crystals are uniform and the layers thin and numerous, letting the light diffract uninterrupted. Nacre that has a bright mirror-like finish commands higher prices, whereas cheaper quality Nacre has a low luster appearing dull with a flat finish. The quality of the Nacre’s luster is also dependant on external factors.

Mother of Pearl is the creation of a living organism and environmental factors play a crucial role in its formation. Mother of Pearl producing mollusks cannot regulate their body temperature, and so are susceptible to changes in external conditions.
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